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Photography Terms

Last editing time 2016-05-17 22:51:06

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It is essential for photography beginners to understand following basic terms.

Pixel: There are quite a number of small dots with similar color in an enlarged image or picture, which are the smallest components of an image or picture. That is pixel. 

ppi/dpi: It stands for pixel per inch/dots per inch. It refers to the number of pixels/ dotsthat can be placed per inch.

Red eye: It is the common appearance of red pupils in color photographs when the photographic flash is used very close to the camera lens.

Focal length: It is the distance from the focal point of a lens to the surface of the film (or other photographic materials) to form a clear image.

Aperture: It is a device that controls the amount of light admitted.The wider the aperture is, the more the light will reach the image plane.

Shutter: It is a device to control the time of the photographic exposure.

Shutter speed: It is the length of time that a camera's shutter is open.

Depth of field: It refers to the range of distance for a camera to take a clear image. The distance is determined by three factors: focal length, shooting distance and aperture.

ISO: It refers to the film or sensor speed of the photographic materials.

White balance:Digital cameras are able to make adjustments of the intensities of the colors according to different light conditions to avoid color distortion. The adjustment is always based on white, so it is called white balance.

Exposure: It refers to the process of light reaching a photographic film.

Exposure Compensation: It is a technique for adjusting the exposure in the case ofunderexposure or overexposure.

Optical Zoom: It allows us to enlarge the object in the long-distance shotwhile always keeping the picture clear. It is determined by focal length.

Digital Zoom: It is similar to magnifying glass, with no adjustment of the distance to objects and no effect on the picture.

Noise: It refers to “dots” in the digital images.

Lens flares: It means that light scatters in lens resulting in the image blur.

Halation: It means the haloes shown in the pictures caused by strong light reflection during the overexposure photography.

CCD: (Charged Coupled Device), the more the number of CCD pixels are, the larger the size of single pixel is, resulting in a sharper picture.

Automatic Exposure: It is used to artificiallycontrol the exposure when the camera is under automatic exposure, so as to ensure the proper exposure of the subject.

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