After the Bath Edgar Degas Date: 1884 Style: Impressionism Genre: nude painting (nu) Media: pastel, paper Location: Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg, Russia
In the 1870s, Degas produced a series of brothel scenes in which his treatment of the prostitutes' bodies signalled a radical break with the idealised figures of traditional academic and classical nudes. Nevertheless, he did not make their physical appearance a straightforward record of reality. Rather, the image of these women came from a stereotype that was widespread in the collective imagination of the time. The prostitute was seen as a fleshy creature, whose misshapen body was the result of days spent in idleness, as opposed to the work-hardened physique of the peasant girl or factory worker. It is through his attention to certain bodily details that Degas gives veracity to this series, like the pornographic photographs of the time that showed a sexually explicit aspect of the female body.
The harshness of Degas' view is not without a certain irony, directed as much towards the girls as their clients who are caught in grotesque situations of domination where they are nevertheless at a disadvantage. At times the artist even seems to reveal a certain compassion, evoking the solitude of the prostitute in her alcove. These images remained virtually unknown during Degas' lifetime. He probably used them as a private exercise to guide his ideas on the representation of the nude body. The series consists exclusively of small monotypes, an impression on paper of a drawing previously made on a metal plate. It reveals Degas' virtuosity in framing and in conveying the atmosphere and interiors of the luxurious establishments he took as his subject.
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